Which of the followings is/are symbiotic associations between autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms only
(I) Mycorrhiza between fungi and roots of higher plants
(II) Lichen between phycobiont and mycobiont.
(III) Coralloid roots of Cycas having cyanobacteria
(IV) Obligate association between Pinus roots and fungi making mycorrhizae.
Text Solution
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The question asks for symbiotic associations between autotrophic (producers) and heterotrophic (consumers) organisms only.
(I) Mycorrhiza between fungi and roots of higher plants: Fungi are heterotrophic, while the roots of higher plants belong to autotrophic organisms.
(II) Lichen between phycobiont and mycobiont: The phycobiont (algal component) is autotrophic, and the mycobiont (fungal component) is heterotrophic.
(IV) Obligate association between Pinus roots and fungi: Similar to standard mycorrhiza, Pinus roots are autotrophic and the fungi are heterotrophic.
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